Urology is the medical discipline that treats conditions affecting the urinary tract in both men and women. Dysfunctions in the urinary tract, kidneys or bladder can occur in different ways (for example, pain or difficulty to urinate) and may require consultation with a doctor specialised in urology.

Andrology specifically deals with problems related to the male genital and reproductive systems. These include sexual difficulties (e.g. erection and/or ejaculation dysfunction, sexual desire disorders, Lapeyronia disease), hormonal dysfunctions, and also impairments of the prostate, the seminal vesicles, the epididymis, the ejaculatory channels and the testicles. The investigation of infertility in men is performed by an andrologist-urologist when the spermogram (sperm analysis) has revealed anomalies.

Urology and andrology